Joan Jonas, Mirror Check, 1970, performance, Ace Gallery, Los Angeles, 1972. © Joan Jonas. Photo Roberta Neiman

Qiu Zhijie, Tattoo II, 1994, chromogenic print, 129.5 x 105.3 cm (51 x 41 12 in). © Qiu Zhijie

Goulandris Master, Cycladic Figurine, c.2800–2300 BC, marble, L 63.4 cm (25 in), Museum of Cycladic Art, Athens

Stelarc, Ear on Arm, 2006–7, cell-cultivated ear, surgically attached to left arm. Courtesy Professor Stelarc. Photo Nina Sellars

Myron, Discobolos, c.470–440 BC, marble, H 155 cm (61 in), Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome (Roman copy after Greek original)

Paula Modersohn-Becker, Self-Portrait on the Sixth Wedding Annversary, 1906, oil on canvas, 61 x 50 cm (24 x 19 34 in), Paula Modersohn-Becker Museum, Bremen. akg-images

Lyle Asthon Harris, Memoirs of Hadrian #8, 2002,
dye-difusion transfer print (Polaroid), 61 x 50.8 cm (24 x 20 in), private collection. Lyle Ashton Harris

Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913, bronze, 12.9 x 39.4 x 91.4 cm (48 x 15 ½ x 36 in), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Teching Hsieh, One Year Performance, 1980-1981, photograph of performance (punching the time clock). © 1981 Tehching Hsieh. Courtesy the artist and Sean Kelly, New York. Photo Michael Shen

Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Vertumnus (Portrait of Rodolfo II), 1590, oil on wood, 70.5 x 57.5 cm (27 34 x 22 ? in), Skokloster Castle, Stockholm. akgimagesErich Lessing

Félix Vallotton, Study of Buttocks, 1884, oil on canvas, 38 x 46 cm (15 x 18 in), Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam. akg-images

Artist Unknown, Mourning Women, 13th-15th century, terracotta, H 18 cm (7 in), University of Iowa Museum of Art, Iowa City. Courtesy Stanley Collection of African Art, University of Iowa

Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes, ‘An Heroic Feat! With Dead Men!’, etching, 15.5 x 20.5 cm (6 13 x 8 in), National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. National Gallery of Art, Washington DC

Barbara Kruger, Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground), 1989, photographic silkscreen on vinyl, 248.5 x 248.5 cm (112 x 112 in), Te Broad Art Foundation, Santa Monica, California. Courtesy Sprüth Magers.

Eadweard Muybridge, A Man Sprinting, 1887, photogravure after collotype, 23.5 x 31.5 cm (9 14 x 12 12 in), Wellcome Library, London

Correggio, Jupiter and Io, 1532–3, oil on canvas, 163.5 x 70.5 cm , (64 14 x 27 34 in), Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. Courtesy Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna

Artist Unknown, Luba Headrest, c.1900-50, wood, H 16 am (6 ½ in), Wereldmuseum, Rotterdam

Artist Unknown, Shakôki Figure (Goggle-Eyed Dogu), c.1000–300 BC, clay, H 36.1 cm (14 14 in), National Museum, Tokyo. © Tokyo National Museum

Amedeo Modigliani, Nude, c.1916, oil on canvas, 92.4 x 59.8 cm (36 12 x 23 12 in), Courtauld Gallery, London. akg-imagesAndré Held.